ABSTRACT
Background Self-reported health is subjective and depends on external factors such as socioeconomic status, presence of chronic diseases and working status, among others. Aim To determine which factors influence self-reported health among older people in Chile. Material and Methods A secondary analysis of the National Socioeconomic Characterization survey done in 2015. A dichotomous response model was used classifying health status as good or bad. A logit regression model was carried out. Results The model had a good calibration and correctly classified 72 and 68% of men and women, respectively. The main factors that influenced health status self-perception were: not having health problems; having undergone a mental health interview, to receive supplemental nutrition, education, to have a productive work; and to having a social network. Conclusions There are health, cultural, economic and environmental factors that influence self-perceived health status.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Self Concept , Self Report/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Chile , Health Status , Health SurveysABSTRACT
RESUMEN Este trabajo se ha centrado en identificar y describir los principales factores sociales que explican el no retiro de alimentos del Programa de Alimentación Complementaria de la Persona mayor (PACAM), según los datos entregados por la encuesta CASEN 2015, dimensión salud. Se usó un modelo lineal no probabilístico, cuyo regresor se refiere a un modelo logit, de respuesta dicotómica, con dos alternativas; la persona mayor no retira los alimentos, la persona mayor si retira los alimentos, del Programa PACAM. El modelo clasifica correctamente el 65,1% de los casos, con sensibilidad de 59,6% y especificidad de 70,3%. Los resultados indicaron que el no retiro de alimentos es preferentemente femenino y se explicó principalmente por el rol de jefe de hogar de la persona mayor, su escasa participación social, habitar en zonas urbanas y cerca de un centro de salud, adicionalmente, la persona mayor presenta problemas de salud, una condición permanente o de larga duración. En conclusión, los resultados indican que las personas mayores que no retiran los alimentos del Programa PACAM, presentan un alto nivel de vulnerabilidad y el tener acceso a dicho Programa impactaría en mejorar su calidad de vida, satisfaciendo sus necesidades nutricionales acorde a su edad.
ABSTRACT We focused on identifying and describing the main factors explaining non-withdrawal of food provided by the Complementary Food for Elderly People Program in Chile (PACAM). We used the information contained in the health section of the 2015 Casen survey. Methodologically, we used a binomial probabilistic logit model whose alternatives were whether an elderly person withdraws food (YES/NO) provided by the PACAM program. The model correctly classified 65.1% of cases with 59.6% sensitivity and 70.3% specificity. Results indicated that non-withdrawal occurs mainly by females and related to being the head of household, low social participation, living in urban areas, living near a health center, and the existence a long-term or permanent health problem. In conclusion, main findings show that elderly people who do not withdraw food provided by the PACAM program presented a high level of vulnerability. Therefore, access to the PACAM program is important to improve the quality of life by satisfying nutrition needs of elderly people.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Health Programs and Plans , Aged , Food Assistance , Quality of Life , Healthy AgingABSTRACT
Background: Patient care costs in intensive care units are high and should be considered in medical decision making. Aim: To calculate the real disease related costs for patients admitted to intensive care units of public hospitals. Material and Methods: Using an activity associated costs analysis, the expenses of 716 patients with a mean age of 56 years, mean APACHE score of20 (56% males), admitted to intensive care units of two regional public hospitals, were calculated. Patients were classified according to their underlying disease. Results: The costs per day of hospital stay, in Chilean pesos, were $ 426,265for sepsis, $ 423,300for cardiovascular diseases, $ 418,329 for kidney diseases, $ 404,873 for trauma, $ 398,913 for respiratory diseases, $ 379,455for digestive diseases and $ 371,801 for neurologic disease. Human resources and medications determined up to 85 and 12% of costs, respectively. Patients with sepsis and trauma use 32 and 19% of intensive care unit resources, respectively. Twenty seven percent of resources are invested in patients that eventually died. Conclusions: A real cost benefit analysis should be performed to optimize resource allocation in intensive care units.